How to format your references using the Hesperia citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Hesperia. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Carmeliet, P. 2001. “Biomedicine. Clotting Factors Build Blood Vessels,” Science 293, pp. 1602–1604.

A journal article with 2 authors

Rowe, M. L., and S. Goldin-Meadow. 2009. “Differences in Early Gesture Explain SES Disparities in Child Vocabulary Size at School Entry,” Science 323, pp. 951–953.

A journal article with 3 authors

Foreman, B. Z., P. L. Heller, and M. T. Clementz. 2012. “Fluvial Response to Abrupt Global Warming at the Palaeocene/Eocene Boundary,” Nature 491, pp. 92–95.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Han, D., X. Qi, C. Myhrvold, B. Wang, M. Dai, S. Jiang, M. Bates, Y. Liu, B. An, F. Zhang, H. Yan, and P. Yin. 2017. “Single-Stranded DNA and RNA Origami,” Science 358.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Oyama, T. 2010. Post-Crisis Risk Management, 2 Clementi Loop, #02-01, Singapore 129809.

An edited book

Johnson, R. 2016. Nonautonomous Linear Hamiltonian Systems: Oscillation, Spectral Theory and Control, 1st ed. 2016., eds. R. Obaya, S. Novo, C. Núñez, and R. Fabbri, Cham.

A chapter in an edited book

Costa, J. F. 2010. “Computable Scientists, Uncomputable World,” in Unconventional Computation: 9th International Conference, US 2010, Tokyo, Japan, June 21-25, 2010. Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science), ed. C. S. Calude, M. Hagiya, K. Morita, G. Rozenberg, and J. Timmis, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 6–10.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Hesperia.

Blog post

Fang, J. 2014, March 31. “Fly through Distant Galaxies with Hubble eXtreme Deep Field”https://www.iflscience.com/space/fly-through-distant-galaxies-hubble-extreme-deep-field/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2016. “Smartphone Data: Information and Issues Regarding Surreptitious Tracking Apps That Can Facilitate Stalking.”

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Winchester, C. L. 2013. “Alleghanian plutonism in the eastern Blue Ridge province of the southern Appalachians: Origin and tectonic setting” (diss. University of North Carolina).

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kalogerakis, G. 2017, September 7. “More Change At Charlotte And Wilbur’s,” New York Times 2017, p. C13.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text

About the journal

Full journal title	Hesperia
ISSN (print)	0018-098X
ISSN (online)	1553-5622
Scope