How to format your references using the International Journal for Educational Integrity citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal for Educational Integrity. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Schiermeier Q (2002) Maths adds up for Berlin centre. Nature 420:348

A journal article with 2 authors

Dranovsky A, Leonardo ED (2015) Neuroscience: The power of positivity. Nature 522:294–295

A journal article with 3 authors

Grant AN, Brönnimann S, Haimberger L (2008) Recent Arctic warming vertical structure contested. Nature 455:E2-3; discussion E4-5

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Tomatsu K, Nakatsuji K, Iimori T, et al (2007) An atomic seesaw switch formed by tilted asymmetric Sn-Ge dimers on a Ge (001) surface. Science 315:1696–1698

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bayor RH (2017) Fiorello La Guardia. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Chronicas J (2007) European Aeronautics: The Southwestern Axis. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Colli Franzone P (2013) Inverse Problems in Electrocardiology. In: Brezzi F, Colli Franzone P, Gianazza U, Gilardi G (eds) Analysis and Numerics of Partial Differential Equations. Springer, Milano, pp 19–36

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal for Educational Integrity.

Blog post

Andrew E (2014) End-Permian Extinction Happened Much Quicker Than Previously Thought. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/end-permian-extinction-happened-much-quicker-previously-thought/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1976) Disapproval of Seattle, Washington, School District Applications for Emergency School Aid Funds. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Buckley M (2009) Weaving Into the Glimmer. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

(nyt) SK (2005) World Briefing | Europe: Russia: Bounty Paid On Dead Chechen Leader. New York Times A6

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Schiermeier 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Schiermeier 2002; Dranovsky and Leonardo 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Dranovsky and Leonardo 2015)
Three or more authors: (Tomatsu et al. 2007)

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal for Educational Integrity
Abbreviation	Int. J. Educ. Integr.
ISSN (online)	1833-2595
Scope