How to format your references using the Journal of Biosafety and Biosecurity citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Biosafety and Biosecurity. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Xie T. Tunable polymer multi-shape memory effect. Nature. 2010;464(7286):267-270.

A journal article with 2 authors

Murray F, Stern S. ENTREPRENEURSHIP. Linking and leveraging. Science. 2015;348(6240):1203.

A journal article with 3 authors

Rigol M, Dunjko V, Olshanii M. Thermalization and its mechanism for generic isolated quantum systems. Nature. 2008;452(7189):854-858.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Smart N, Risebro CA, Melville AAD, et al. Thymosin beta4 induces adult epicardial progenitor mobilization and neovascularization. Nature. 2007;445(7124):177-182.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Gianni R. Responsibility and Freedom. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2016.

An edited book

Segers RT, ed. Multinational Management: A Casebook on Asia’s Global Market Leaders. 1st ed. 2016. Springer International Publishing; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

Franzon P. Use of AC Coupled Interconnect in Contactless Packaging. In: Ho R, Drost R, eds. Coupled Data Communication Techniques for High-Performance and Low-Power Computing. Integrated Circuits and Systems. Springer US; 2010:127-153.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Biosafety and Biosecurity.

Blog post

Taub B. This Is The First Ever Footage Of Cellular Activity In A Regenerating Leg. IFLScience. October 27, 2016.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Intellectual Property: Federal Agency Efforts in Transferring and Reporting New Technology. U.S. Government Printing Office; 2002.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Fischer D. Psychology and People Living with Hiv/Aids: A Critical Review of the Literature. Doctoral dissertation. Pepperdine University; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hodara S. Creatures Great, Small and Imagined. New York Times. April 6, 2014:CT9.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Biosafety and Biosecurity
ISSN (print)	2588-9338
Scope