How to format your references using the Journal of Clinical Neurology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Clinical Neurology (JCN). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Auerbach E. Iran needs to present a united front on science. Nature 2014;508:433.

A journal article with 2 authors

Sadler PM, Tai RH. Transitions. The two high-school pillars supporting college science. Science 2007;317:457-458.

A journal article with 3 authors

Brown T, Sibbett W, Wright EM. Laser physics. Getting to grips with light. Science 2001;293:1265-1267.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Kelly BC, Ikonomou MG, Blair JD, Morin AE, Gobas FAPC. Food web-specific biomagnification of persistent organic pollutants. Science 2007;317:236-239.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Schlechty PC. Leading for Learning. San Francisco, CA, USA: Jossey-Bass; 2009.

An edited book

Zheng J, Mao S, Midkiff SF, Zhu H, editors. Ad Hoc Networks: First International Conference, ADHOCNETS 2009, Niagara Falls, Ontario, Canada, September 22-25, 2009. Revised Selected Papers. Vol 28. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2010.

A chapter in an edited book

Lum C, Haberfeld M (maki), Fachner G, Lieberman C. Police Activities to Counter Terrorism: What We Know and What We Need to Know. In: Weisburd D, Feucht T, Hakimi I, Mock L, Perry S, editors To Protect and To Serve: Policing in an Age of Terrorism. New York, NY: Springer, 2011;101-141.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Clinical Neurology.

Blog post

Andrew E. Physicists say Interstellar Should be Shown in School Classrooms. IFLScience. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/space/interstellar-should-be-shown-school-classrooms/. Published June 23, 2015 Accessed October 30, 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Highway Safety: Improved Monitoring and Oversight of Traffic Safety Data Program Are Needed. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2004.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Torres N. Do family nurse practitioner students understand the physiological changes associated with andropause in men over forty? 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Sophia Kishkovsky; Compiled by. Arts, Briefly; Rare Violin in the Spotlight. New York Times. November 21, 2005:E2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Clinical Neurology
ISSN (print)	1738-6586
ISSN (online)	2005-5013
Scope