How to format your references using the Journal of Clinical Rheumatology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Clinical Rheumatology (JCR). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Garsin DA. Microbiology. Peptide signals sense and destroy target cells. Science. 2004;306:2202-2203.

A journal article with 2 authors

Brongersma ML, Shalaev VM. Applied physics. The case for plasmonics. Science. 2010;328:440-441.

A journal article with 3 authors

Joo W, Hippenmeyer S, Luo L. Neurodevelopment. Dendrite morphogenesis depends on relative levels of NT-3/TrkC signaling. Science. 2014;346:626-629.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Nolte P, Stierle A, Jin-Phillipp NY, Kasper N, Schulli TU, Dosch H. Shape changes of supported Rh nanoparticles during oxidation and reduction cycles. Science. 2008;321:1654-1658.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Wesche R. Physical Properties of High-Temperature Superconductors. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2015.

An edited book

Burke A. Pocket Reference to Alzheimer’s Disease Management. (Hall GR, Yaari R, Fleisher A, et al., eds.). Tarporley: Springer Healthcare Ltd.; 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

Liu J, Xin J, Jingjing J. Green Growth of the Tertiary Industry. In: Li X, Pan J, eds. China Green Development Index Report 2011. Current Chinese Economic Report Series. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2013:105-131.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Clinical Rheumatology.

Blog post

Andrew E. Taking Plants Off Planet – How Do They Grow In Zero Gravity? IFLScience. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/taking-plants-planet-how-do-they-grow-zero-gravity/. Published August 9, 2015 Accessed October 30, 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Telecommunications: FCC Needs to Improve Its Ability to Monitor and Determine the Extent of Competition in Dedicated Access Services. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2006.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Johnson BD. Application of systems engineering principles for analysis of utility baseline development process. 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Crow K. A Y.M.C.A. Changes Its Tune by Offering Office Space. New York Times. November 11, 2001:1412.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Clinical Rheumatology
Abbreviation	J. Clin. Rheumatol.
ISSN (print)	1076-1608
ISSN (online)	1536-7355
Scope	Rheumatology