How to format your references using the Journal of Electrocardiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Electrocardiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Gibbs R. Deeper into the genome. Nature 2005;437:1233–4.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Weaver P, Johnson D. Biodiversity: Think big for marine conservation. Nature 2012;483:399.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Xu L, Yin M-L, Liu SF. Ag(x)@WO₃ core-shell nanostructure for LSP enhanced chemical sensors. Sci Rep 2014;4:6745.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Webster MA, Kaping D, Mizokami Y, Duhamel P. Adaptation to natural facial categories. Nature 2004;428:557–61.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Malamed C. Visual Design Solutions. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc; 2015.

An edited book

[1]

Siegert G, Förster K, Chan-Olmsted SM, Ots M, editors. Handbook of Media Branding. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Blake D, Lehmann BN, Timmermann A. Performance Clustering and Incentives in the UK Pension Fund Industry. In: Satchell S, editor. Asset Management: Portfolio Construction, Performance and Returns, Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016, p. 63–94.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Electrocardiology.

Blog post

[1]

Hale T. Could Brain Scans and AI Reveal The Mindset Of A Suspected Criminal? IFLScience 2017. https://www.iflscience.com/brain/could-brain-scans-and-ai-reveal-the-mindset-of-a-suspected-criminal/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Learning Disabilities: The Link to Delinquency Should Be Determined, but Schools Should Do More Now. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1977.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

McConnell ME. A Dual Diagnosis of Hearing Loss and an Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Illustrative Case Study. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Crow K. Maître D’ Says “Buona Sera,” but Back Home, It’s “Buenos Días.” New York Times 2002:145.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Electrocardiology
Abbreviation	J. Electrocardiol.
ISSN (print)	0022-0736
Scope	Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine