How to format your references using the Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Telesco C. Astronomy. Born with flare. Science 2006;314(5799):605–606.

A journal article with 2 authors

Masiello CA, Louchouarn P. Ecology. Fire in the ocean. Science 2013;340(6130):287–288.

A journal article with 3 authors

Ince DC, Hatton L, Graham-Cumming J. The case for open computer programs. Nature 2012;482(7386):485–488.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Sobolev AV, Hofmann AW, Sobolev SV, Nikogosian IK. An olivine-free mantle source of Hawaiian shield basalts. Nature 2005;434(7033):590–597.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Al-Malah KIM. Aspen Plus®. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2016.

An edited book

Nixon MS. Human Identification Based on Gait. (Tan T, Chellappa R, eds.). Boston, MA: Springer US; 2006.

A chapter in an edited book

Prauzek M, Hlavica J, Michalikova M. Automatic Fuzzy Classification System for Metabolic Types Detection. In: Abraham A, Jiang XH, Snášel V, Pan J-S, eds. Intelligent Data Analysis and Applications: Proceedings of the Second Euro-China Conference on Intelligent Data Analysis and Applications, ECC 2015. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015:49–59.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology.

Blog post

Davis J. High Levels Of Ocean Pollutants May Be Impacting Dolphin Immune Systems. IFLScience 2017. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/high-levels-of-ocean-pollutants-may-be-impacting-dolphin-immune-systems/. Accessed October 30, 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Federal Communications Commission: Non-U.S.-Licensed Satellites Providing Domestic and International Service in the United States. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1997.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Kraka EK. Assessment of herbicides for control of non-native species: Italian ryegrass (Lolium perenne spp. multiflorum ), tropical spiderwort (Commelina benghalensis), and tropical soda apple (Solanum viarum). 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Newman A. Solemn Vows Were Routine for Woman in Fraud Case. New York Times. April 10, 2015:A19.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology
Abbreviation	J. Geriatr. Psychiatry Neurol.
ISSN (print)	0891-9887
Scope	Geriatrics and Gerontology Clinical Neurology Psychiatry and Mental health