How to format your references using the Journal of Professional Nursing citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Professional Nursing. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Piwowar, H. (2013). Altmetrics: Value all research products. Nature, 493(7431), 159.

A journal article with 2 authors

Lucadamo, G., & Medlin, D. L. (2003). Geometric origin of hexagonal close packing at a grain boundary in gold. Science (New York, N.Y.), 300(5623), 1272–1275.

A journal article with 3 authors

Moses, M. J., Fettinger, J. C., & Eichhorn, B. W. (2003). Interpenetrating As20 fullerene and Ni12 icosahedra in the onion-skin [As@Ni12@As20]3- ion. Science (New York, N.Y.), 300(5620), 778–780.

A journal article with 21 or more authors

Ponomarenko, L. A., Schedin, F., Katsnelson, M. I., Yang, R., Hill, E. W., Novoselov, K. S., & Geim, A. K. (2008). Chaotic Dirac billiard in graphene quantum dots. Science (New York, N.Y.), 320(5874), 356–358.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Gaffikin, F., & Morrissey, M. (2011). Planning in Divided Cities: Collaborative Shaping of Contested Space. Wiley-Blackwell.

An edited book

Liu, Z., Woodcock, J., & Zhu, H. (Eds.). (2013). Unifying Theories of Programming and Formal Engineering Methods: International Training School on Software Engineering, Held at ICTAC 2013, Shanghai, China, August 26-30, 2013, Advanced Lectures (Vol. 8050). Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Koivunen, E. (2012). “Why Wasn’t I Notified?”: Information Security Incident Reporting Demystified. In T. Aura, K. Järvinen, & K. Nyberg (Eds.), Information Security Technology for Applications: 15th Nordic Conference on Secure IT Systems, NordSec 2010, Espoo, Finland, October 27-29, 2010, Revised Selected Papers (pp. 55–70). Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Professional Nursing.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2016, April 25). How Do Women Deal With Their Periods In Space? IFLScience. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2002). Human Services Integration: Results of a GAO Cosponsored Conference on Modernizing Information Systems (GAO-02-121). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Courtney, S. J. (2015). A Sea of Voices: An Alchemical Journey Through Dissociation [Doctoral dissertation]. Pacifica Graduate Institute.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hubbard, B., & Saad, H. (2016, December 15). Evacuation of Aleppo Is Underway, Solidifying Assad’s Control. New York Times, A8.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Piwowar, 2013).
This sentence cites two references (Lucadamo & Medlin, 2003; Piwowar, 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Lucadamo & Medlin, 2003)
Three or more authors: (Ponomarenko et al., 2008)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Professional Nursing
Abbreviation	J. Prof. Nurs.
ISSN (print)	8755-7223
Scope	General Nursing