How to format your references using the Natural Hazards citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Natural Hazards. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Hoag H (2014) Drug development: a chance of survival. Nature 515:S118-20

A journal article with 2 authors

Shim M, Guyot-Sionnest P (2000) n-type colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals. Nature 407:981–983

A journal article with 3 authors

Klahr D, Zimmerman C, Jirout J (2011) Educational interventions to advance children’s scientific thinking. Science 333:971–975

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Murakami M, Hirose K, Kawamura K, et al (2004) Post-perovskite phase transition in MgSiO3. Science 304:855–858

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Robyns B, François B, Delille G, Saudemont C (2015) Energy Storage in Electric Power Grids. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Lofrano G (ed) (2012) Green Technologies for Wastewater Treatment: Energy Recovery and Emerging Compounds Removal. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht

A chapter in an edited book

Manolopoulos Y, Nanopoulos A, Papadopoulos AN, Theodoridis Y (2006) Fundamental Query Processing Techniques. In: Nanopoulos A, Papadopoulos AN, Theodoridis Y (eds) R-Trees: Theory and Applications. Springer, London, pp 51–68

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Natural Hazards.

Blog post

Hale T (2015) Rare Baby Dinosaur Fossil Rescued By A Blackhawk Helicopter. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/rare-baby-dinosaur-fossil-airlifted-blackhawk-helicopter/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1990) Issues Related to FAA’s Modernization of the Air Traffic Control System. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Murray E (2012) California community college athletic directors lived experience and perceptions about financing issues with athletic programs. Doctoral dissertation, University of Phoenix

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Barnes B, Abrams R, Kantor J (2017) Sharing A Name Of Infamy. New York Times B1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Hoag 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Shim and Guyot-Sionnest 2000; Hoag 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Shim and Guyot-Sionnest 2000)
Three or more authors: (Murakami et al. 2004)

About the journal

Full journal title	Natural Hazards
Abbreviation	Nat. Hazards (Dordr.)
ISSN (print)	0921-030X
ISSN (online)	1573-0840
Scope	Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) Atmospheric Science Water Science and Technology