How to format your references using the Stem Cells and Development citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Stem Cells and Development (SCD). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Gilbert D. Buried by bad decisions. Nature 2011;474(7351):275–277.

A journal article with 2 authors

Boesz C, Lloyd N. Collaborations: investigating international misconduct. Nature 2008;452(7188):686–687.

A journal article with 3 authors

Stager JC, Day JJ, Santini S. Comment on “Origin of the superflock of cichlid fishes from Lake Victoria, East Africa.” Science 2004;304(5673):963; author reply 963.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Jørgensen LH, Mosbech M-B, Færgeman NJ, et al. Duplication in the microtubule-actin cross-linking factor 1 gene causes a novel neuromuscular condition. Sci Rep 2014;4:5180.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Chitty J, Raftery A. Essentials of Tortoise Medicine and Surgery. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd: Oxford; 2013.

An edited book

Pal R. An Introduction to Phytoplanktons: Diversity and Ecology. (Choudhury AK. ed). Springer India: New Delhi; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

Dam HH, Rojanavasu P, Abbass HA, et al. Distributed Learning Classifier Systems. In: Learning Classifier Systems in Data Mining. (Bull L, Bernadó-Mansilla E, Holmes J. eds). Studies in Computational Intelligence Springer: Berlin, Heidelberg; 2008; pp. 69–91.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Stem Cells and Development.

Blog post

Andrew E. Robots Can’t Kill You – Claiming They Can Is Dangerous. IFLScience; 2015. [Last accessed: 10/30/2018].

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Air Traffic Control: FAA Uses Earned Value Techniques to Help Manage Information Technology Acquisitions, but Needs to Clarify Policy and Strengthen Oversight. U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC; 2008.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Macy P. Underachievement in Gifted Students: Understanding Perceptions of Educational Experiences, Attitudes Toward School, and Teacher Training. Doctoral dissertation. Lindenwood University: St. Charles, MO; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Shear MD, Erlanger S. Trump Condemns ‘Deeply Troubling’ Leaks on Attack After Complaints in Britain. New York Times 2017;A12.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Stem Cells and Development
Abbreviation	Stem Cells Dev.
ISSN (print)	1547-3287
ISSN (online)	1557-8534
Scope	Cell Biology Developmental Biology Hematology