How to format your references using the Teaching Sociology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Teaching Sociology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Endy, Drew. 2005. “Foundations for Engineering Biology.” Nature 438(7067):449–53.

A journal article with 2 authors

Artis, David, and Hergen Spits. 2015. “The Biology of Innate Lymphoid Cells.” Nature 517(7534):293–301.

A journal article with 3 authors

Luo, Jun, Jing Zhu, and Hengqiang Ye. 2004. “Comment on ‘Tubular Graphite Cones.’” Science (New York, N.Y.) 303(5659):766; author reply 766.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Mishra, Kartikeya, Chandrashekhar Murade, Bruno Carreel, Ivo Roghair, Jung Min Oh, Gor Manukyan, Dirk van den Ende, and Frieder Mugele. 2014. “Optofluidic Lens with Tunable Focal Length and Asphericity.” Scientific Reports 4:6378.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Geier, Roman, Volkhard Angelmaier, Carl-Alexander Graubner, and Jaroslav Kohoutek. 2017. Integrale Brücken. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.

An edited book

Renneberg, Reinhard, and Fred Lisdat, eds. 2008. Biosensing for the 21st Century. Vol. 109. Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Bristow, Tom. 2016. “Affective Edgelands: Wildness, History, and Technology in Britain’s Postindustrial and Postnatural Topographies.” Pp. 77–93 in Ecocriticism and Geocriticism: Overlapping Territories in Environmental and Spatial Literary Studies, edited by R. T. Tally and C. M. Battista. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan US.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Teaching Sociology.

Blog post

Carpineti, Chris. 2017. “Pig Brain Cells Are Being Implanted Into Human Brains To Treat Parkinson’s Disease.” IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1975. Review of Certain Problems in the Cosmetology Accrediting Commission. MWD-76-13. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Wilkerson, Michelle R. 2011. “The Relationship Between Caring School Community Program Implementation and Elementary Student Achievement.” Doctoral dissertation, Lindenwood University, St. Charles, MO.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Walsh, Mary Williams. 2017. “Tiny Territory, Debt in Billions: Fears Spread to Virgin Islands.” New York Times, June 25, A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Endy 2005).
This sentence cites two references (Artis and Spits 2015; Endy 2005).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Artis and Spits 2015)
Three authors: (Luo, Zhu, and Ye 2004)
4 or more authors: (Mishra et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Teaching Sociology
Abbreviation	Teach. Sociol.
ISSN (print)	0092-055X
Scope	Education Sociology and Political Science