How to format your references using the Annual Review of Virology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Annual Review of Virology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Bignami GF. 2000. A 1,000-year chain of thinkers. Nature. 404(6775):227

A journal article with 2 authors

Thiele A, Stoner G. 2003. Neuronal synchrony does not correlate with motion coherence in cortical area MT. Nature. 421(6921):366–70

A journal article with 3 authors

Zhang K, Zhang Y, Wang S. 2013. Enhancing thermoelectric properties of organic composites through hierarchical nanostructures. Sci. Rep. 3:3448

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Ishikawa HO, Takeuchi H, Haltiwanger RS, Irvine KD. 2008. Four-jointed is a Golgi kinase that phosphorylates a subset of cadherin domains. Science. 321(5887):401–4

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Thyagarajan KS. 2010. Still Image and Video Compression with MATLAB. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Fulekar MH, ed. 2010. Bioremediation Technology: Recent Advances. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands. XII, 378 p p.

A chapter in an edited book

Klöppel G, Smyrk TC. 2013. Histologic Features. In Autoimmune (IgG4-related) Pancreatitis and Cholangitis, ed MJ Levy, ST Chari, pp. 51–59. New York, NY: Springer

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Annual Review of Virology.

Blog post

O`Callaghan J. 2016. Buzz Aldrin Medically Evacuated From South Pole After Becoming Ill During trip. IFLScience. www.iflscience.com

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1991. Air Traffic Control: Efforts to Modernize Oceanic System Delayed. IMTEC-91-2, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Payne NA. 2010. Adults who have learning disabilities: Transition from GED to postsecondary activities. Doctoral dissertation thesis. Capella University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Crow K. 2002. Abingdon Square Park: Small Site, Never-Ending Debate. New York Times, Dec. 1, p. 148

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1, 2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Annual Review of Virology
Abbreviation	Annu. Rev. Virol.
ISSN (print)	2327-056X
ISSN (online)	2327-0578
Scope	Virology